Angiosurgeons argue that varicose veins are such a pathological process, whereby the venous wall changes with subsequent lack of flaps.
Reasons
The exact causes of varicose veins are not yet known.Based on epidemiological studies, it was found that a genetic predisposition influences the pathological process.
The predisposing factors are also known from which varicose veins can appear:
- Violation of the hormonal background (menopause, estrogen intake);
- Obesity;
- Pregnancy;
- long static loads;
- wear tight linen;
- Constipation;
- Surgical intervention (arteriovenic bypass);
- Developmental error or obstruction of deep veins.
How does it look?
Since varicose veins are a modification of veins, pathology is not only classified on vascular diseases, but also on cosmetic problems:
- The patients first notice the occurrence of a venous pattern on the legs or the appearance of mesh wires.
- Later the veins become convincing and increase the skin.
- In the far -reaching stadiums, cramp nodes are clearly visible, which represents the confusion and expansion of the venous vessels.
The violation of the fabric towel leads to a change in skin pigmentation.
Steps (degree)
Several levels or degrees, varicose veins are differentiated.With varicose veins of the 1st degree in patients, the serious LEGS syndrome is diagnosed.The patients often complain about cramps in the calf muscles and in swelling that disappear after rest.
In the case of varicose veins of the 2nd degree, persistent edema, impaired skin pigmentation, stagnant dermatitis occurs.In advanced cases, trophic ulcers occur in the third degree of illness.
The value of prevention
If you know the predisposing factors of the occurrence of the disease and should be given to the prevention of varicose veins:
- Wear comfortable shoes and underwear;
- Minimization of work in connection with static stress and longer stand on the feet;
- Sports lessons;
- Reception of vitamins: C, E, PP;
- Performance correction.
If there is no way to change the work that is the cause of the occurrence of the disease, it is recommended to unload gymnastics in the evening and evening.Wearing elastic bandages and a contrast shower helps to avoid the disease.
Sign
The symptoms of varicose veins are diverse.The clinical picture depends on the course of the disease and the localization of the seizure process.
Varicosis of the legs
The initial signs of varicose veins are:
- Heavy in the legs;
- Stress in the legs;
- Fatigue when walking;
- Pastress in the ankle joint (often in the evening);
- Cramps;
- Pain in the course of the enlarged veins.
In women, the symptoms grow before menstruation.After the calm, uncomfortable sensations disappear into the legs.
Lymph deficiency in varicose veins leads to the development of cellulit, dermatosclerosis, trophic ulcers and erysipelas.With serious violations of venous drainage, the patients complain about skin itching and dry skin in the area of the affected vein.
Gradually, the skin is thinner and atrophic instead of violation of tissue trophism.Hyper- or hypopigmentation arises.With the progress of the pathological process, cyanotic spots and trophic ulcers appear.
In a pronounced process, patients have complaints about:
- Increased fatigue;
- Heartbeat;
- Shortness of breath.
These signs are associated with an increased load on the heart muscle in connection with blood indentation in the venous line.
Reticular varicose veins of the lower extremities
A special manifestation of varicose veins is reticular varicose veins.Clinical manifestations of pathology:
- Increasing the local temperature in the ankle joint;
- Fatigue and severity of the legs;
- Dense subcutaneous tissue.
Varicose veins of the esophagus
With a cramp extension of the veins of the esophagus, a conviction and a sacks of blood vessels occur.The main cause of the development of the disease is portal hypertension.
The disease manifests itself in the following signs:
- Inflammation of the esophagus;
- Burn, back;
- Anemia;
- Difficulty swallowing food.
A dangerous complication of pathology is massive bleeding through veins.The patient provides blood, hypotension, tachycardia and impairment of consciousness.
Varicosis of the uterus
The forms of the internal varicose veins include varicose veins of the uterus.The main reasons for changing the veins:
- Physical activity;
- Chronic constipation;
- Pregnancy;
- Take hormonal contraceptives;
- Development disorders;
- Abortion.
Women with uterus varicose veins complain about pain in the lower abdomen that violates the menstrual cycle.The disease can lead to infertility.
Varicose veins of the labia
This type of varicose veins in pregnant women can develop from the second month of pregnancy.The disease develops when there is a pelvic thrombosis or there is a congenital angiodisplasia.
Which varicose veins look:
- Advanced veins of vulva;
- Combs on the skin due to itching;
- Swelling.
The disease is accompanied by dysuric disorders that burst in the perineum.Danger is the development of acute thrombophlebitis, a break of a damaged ship.
Varicose veins of a small pelvis
The first signs of varicose veins are the pain in the lower abdomen.There are several options for the course of this form of the disease:
- Varicose veins and vulva;
- Below venous abundance.
Clinical manifestations of pathology are observed in 30% of women during pregnancy.The disease is a purely female pathology.
The venous abundance manifests itself on the following signs:
- Severe and pain;
- Pain during sexual intercourse;
- Dysmenorrhea;
- Urine disorder.
Varicocele
The varicose of the seed cable in men is called varicocele.The disease leads to a violation of the venous drainage of the testicles.The patients complain about pulling pain in the scrotum, erectile dysfunction.When examining the testicles, extended surface veins, the asymmetry of the scrotum is visible.The reasons for the development of the disease are:
- Physical activity;
- Congenital lack of connective tissue;
- Tumors in retroperitoneal space or in the pool.
As the pathology progresses, spermatogenesis is disturbed, which leads to infertility.The disease can be complicated by bleeding from affected vessels.
Cramp dermatitis
In addition to the characteristic clinical symptoms of progressive varicose veins, his complication should be determined - stagnant dermatitis.In patients, the skin over the affected vein becomes thinner and itchy.In places of the inflammation, stains of the dark or light color and peeling occur.
The localization of venous dermatitis is the lower leg and ankle joint. The pathological process for healthy tissue applies in the event of combing.When the problem is ignored, inflammation goes into a varicose eczema.
Seizure -eczema
Inflammation is persistent with remission and relapse times.Skin lesions are also heavily treated after humans.Due to violations of the microcirculation, the liquid part of the blood is seeped away by the walls of the vessels affected.Swelling and alarm areas appear in the area above the varicose vein.
Bubbles that are filled with serous or serous bladder appear on the legs.In the event of combing, an infection comes into the wounds.Together, small bubbles form papules.Crusts appear after opening the vesicles.The healing point is diluted and covered with scales.Vesicles appear again during the exacerbation period.The progress of pathology leads to the formation of trophic ulcers.
Pain as a sign of the disease
Patients often complain about pain in varicose veins, which is reinforced by the palpation of the affected vessel.In the initial phase, the sign manifests itself easily.One person feels weakness and pulls pain at the end of the day.In the morning, after rest, the symptoms disappear.Pain syndrome occurs at night in the late stage.
A combination of pain and seizures at night or after a long standing on the legs is viewed as a classic manifestation of varicose veins.
Characteristic localization of pain for varicose veins:
- Overhead region;
- Trophile ulcer zone;
- The calf muscle.
If an increase in the total temperature connects, this can indicate the beginning of the inflammatory process in Vienna - thrombloch biatis.
Vascular stars
Vascular stars are called Telangioctasia.The pathology is shown by the expansion of small subcutaneous vessels.On the skin manifests itself in the form of a network of purple or red. The causes of telangiectasias can not only a venous deficiency, but also:
- Diseases of the connective tissue;
- Pathologies of the Hepatobilian system;
- Use of hormonal drugs;
- Endocrine diseases.
The vascular network manifests itself on the legs, face or buttocks.Telegioectasia is not a separate disease, but as a symptom, which is more of a cosmetic defect.
On the face
On the face, the appearance of a capillary network is referred to as rosacea.If there is a violation of the rheological properties of blood, with arterial hypertension or diseases of the digestive system, the negative effects of low temperatures or when drinking alcohol.
In women, the main cause of telangiectasia is hormonal restructuring.The gold standard for removing the defect is laser coagulation.
On the feet
The vascular network appears on the legs as the result of venous stagnation.Violet Nets often accompany varicose veins.If the diseases of the telangiectasias progress, increase.The capillary grille remains even after the veins removed.The methods of his elimination are scleroderma, radio frequency dilation and endovasal laser coagulation.
How can you get rid of?
Before you get rid of varicose veins, you will be carried out by comprehensive diagnostics.The patients show laboratory methods for blood and urine examination, the detection of reflux for subcutaneous veins, functional samples.They are assigned by the instrumental techniques:
- Ultrasound duplex or triplex scanning;
- X -Ray contract theater;
- Magnetic resonance phlebography;
- Multi -spiral computer angiography with contrast.
After determining the degree of varicose veins, the problem of using treatment methods - surgical surgery or conservative therapy.
Who treats?
If the first symptoms occur, you should contact the clinic to a phlebologist or angiosurgeon. In medical facilities in the district, surgeons are involved in this disease.It should be understood that the experiences and qualifications of those who treat varicose veins play a crucial role in eliminating the problem.Therefore, it is better to contact special centers.
What treatment is needed?
In the event of damage to the vessels of the lower extremities, the following main methods are used:
- Operation;
- Sclerotherapy therapy;
- Conservative treatment.
Methods are combined in advanced cases.In the case of chronic venous insufficiency in the event of damage to the flap apparatus of blood vessels and signs of thrombophlebitis, vein removal (phlebectomy) is displayed.The methods of surgical intervention with the minimum nature of the invasion include:
- Heat ablation of veins: radio frequency, laser, microwave, steam;
- Non -tische ablation: chemical with sclerosurizing drugs and mechanochemical.
In order to reduce the symptoms of the disease, systemic therapy is prescribed by medication.Patients are prescribed:
- Antibiotics in inflammatory processes and trophic ulcers;
- Antiseptics;
- Phleboprotectors;
- Stimulants of tissue paration;
- Anticoagulants;
- Topical steroids with trophic ulcers;
- Local use of heparin -containing drugs.
The disease for the effective elimination of varicose veins is compression therapy using elastic bands, golf and tights.A popular association method is a zinc whewatin association for trophic disorders.
What helps better?
Preparations and compression associations (knitting goods) are only prescribed by a doctor, with the stage of the disease, their complications, the accompanying patronage and the age of the patient into account.Therefore, a phlebologist should help with varicose veins better.
It should be understood that the treatment only eliminates the pathology and wearing compression knitting clothes with drugs.
In most cases, varicose veins are only surgically removed in combination with other therapy methods.
How do I remove itching?
To get rid of itching with varicose veins, you need to know how to remove it.Doctors prescribe moisturizing therapeutic ointments (you can use children's cream).Medications with hormones are prescribed with severe itching and peeling of the skin.
You use compresses with herbal resolutions with an anti -inflammatory effect (chamomile, calendula, sage, a series, hop pins).
What is dangerous?
The consequences of varicose veins include phlebitis, trophic ulcers, thrombophlebitis, menstrual violation, erectile dysfunction, infertility.The formation of a thrombus and bleeding from the affected vessels, which is dangerous.
The torn blood towers from the lower extremities in a second case fall into a small circle of blood circle and cause the thrombboembolism of the lung artery.
In the event of bleeding without medical emergency care, one person loses a lot of blood.All of these complications lead to disabilities or deaths without adequate treatment.
Conclusions
Varicosis refers to a common pathology.It develops in people with an inherited disposition with excessive static and dynamic loads as well as with their longer absence.
The disease leads to serious complications.So if the first signs occur, it is necessary to contact a phlebologist.
You can only get rid of the problem with an integrated approach.
The patients show surgical treatment methods, medication, wearing compression knitting clothes and lifestyle correction.